A landmark close, a regulatory earthquake in Europe, and the first big vendor scorecard of the year. On January 20, Verizon completed its roughly $20 billion acquisition of Frontier Communications, instantly expanding its fiber reach to nearly 30 million homes and businesses across 31 states. The same day in Brussels, the European Commission published its Cybersecurity Act 2 proposal, which for the first time would give the EU a binding framework to phase out high-risk suppliers from telecom networks and 17 other critical sectors, a move widely read as targeting Huawei and ZTE. And on January 23, Ericsson closed out 2025 with fourth quarter organic sales growth of 6 percent and its strongest margins in years, evidence that network spending has stabilized even as the RAN market stays flat.
The quarter closed with two cliffhangers resolving in the same week. On June 30 EchoStar made more than 500 million dollars in overdue interest payments, stepping back from the bankruptcy ledge as its political pressure campaign visibly bore fruit and settlement talks with the FCC gained traction. Then on July 3 Congress sent the One Big Beautiful Bill to the President, restoring the FCC's spectrum auction authority after a 28-month lapse and mandating an 800 megahertz pipeline, the largest legislated spectrum commitment in American history, signed into law July 4. AT&T added a consumer protection note to the week, rolling out its Wireless Account Lock feature on July 1 to combat the SIM-swapping attacks that have plagued the industry.
Fiber's biggest rumor and Washington's strangest security story shared a week. Reports on March 25 revealed AT&T in talks to acquire Lumen's consumer fiber business for around 5.5 billion dollars, previewing the deal that would land officially in May and confirming that the fiber consolidation race had a second bidder. The capital's attention, though, belonged to Signal: The Atlantic's editor-in-chief revealed he had been accidentally added to a group chat where senior officials discussed military strike plans, a breach that made consumer messaging apps a national security story and put encrypted communications policy under a spotlight. In the states, Utah became the first to require app stores to verify user ages, opening a new regulatory front for the mobile ecosystem.
The year changed and so did two decades of regulatory architecture. On January 2 the Sixth Circuit struck down the FCC's net neutrality rules outright, ruling in the first major post-Chevron test that the agency never had the authority to classify broadband as a telecom service, and ending a twenty-year seesaw unless Congress writes it into law. Days earlier, AT&T, Verizon, and Lumen declared their networks clear of Salt Typhoon, statements that landed awkwardly against a White House count that was still climbing. And Vodafone closed the books on its European retreat, completing the 8 billion euro sale of Vodafone Italia to Swisscom on New Year's Eve.
Christmas week delivered a signed law, a longer casualty list, and a stress test nobody framed as one. President Biden signed the 895 billion dollar defense bill on December 23, finally funding the 3 billion dollar rip-and-replace program and setting the spectrum studies that feed the next auction pipeline. Four days later the White House confirmed a ninth US telecom had fallen to Salt Typhoon, attributing the breadth of the compromise to plainly inadequate carrier security. And on Christmas Day, 65 million Americans watched NFL football over Netflix instead of broadcast towers, the largest live sports streaming audience on record and a quiet referendum on whether the nation's broadband was ready for appointment television.
The satellite era got a signup page. T-Mobile opened beta registration for its Starlink direct-to-cell service on December 16, inviting ordinary customers to test satellite texting on the phones already in their pockets, while the same day in Brussels the SpaceRISE consortium signed the 10.6 billion euro concession to build IRIS2, Europe's sovereign answer to the constellations it does not control. Two days later CISA told the government's most targeted people to stop trusting carrier voice and SMS altogether and move to end-to-end encrypted apps, the bluntest official verdict yet on the Salt Typhoon aftermath. And SoftBank's Masayoshi Son stood next to the president-elect and pledged 100 billion dollars for American AI infrastructure, the kind of number that eventually lands on networks.
Washington compressed a month of telecom policy into a single Wednesday. On December 11 the Senate Commerce Committee put the Salt Typhoon breach on the public record, with witnesses telling senators that the 3 billion dollars finally headed to the rip-and-replace program was a good start and not a finish. The same day, the FCC voted to open all 1,200 megahertz of the 6 gigahertz band to very low power devices, seeding the next generation of wearables and augmented-reality hardware with unlicensed spectrum. And across the Capitol, the House passed the 895 billion dollar defense bill carrying that rip-and-replace money plus the spectrum studies that will shape the next decade of mid-band auctions.